Under what circumstance can minors consent to treatment?

Minors can consent to treatment under certain circumstances, and living independently while managing their finances is one of the key factors that grants them this ability. When a minor is able to demonstrate financial independence and the capacity to function as an adult in society, they may be recognized as having the maturity to make decisions regarding their own healthcare.

This understanding comes from principles of autonomy and the recognition that individuals who manage their own affairs are often better suited to make informed decisions about their treatment. This independence can be seen as an indication that the minor is capable of understanding the implications of treatment, which is essential in the informed consent process.

The other options do not necessarily grant minors the capacity to consent independently. Turning 18 is a clear milestone for consent, but it doesn't apply to minors. Parental approval is a common requirement for minors unless they meet specific criteria for independent consent, while referrals by professionals do not inherently provide consent rights. Thus, the condition of living independently and managing one's finances stands out as a valid circumstance for minors to consent to treatment.